By: Richard E. Korb. ©2011[1]
It’s no secret that in California—and all across America—the housing market is in a crisis and foreclosures continue to mount. With housing prices dropping, some homeowners have found themselves in the unenvied position of owing a greater debt on their property than the property itself is worth. In technical terms, this is called ‘negative equity,’ or more plainly referred to as being ‘underwater.’ And in today’s market, the homeowner may see no possibility of this situation changing anytime in the near future.
When this occurs, many homeowners may begin to feel that desperate times call for desperate measures. And that is where the idea of a ‘strategic mortgage default’ comes into play. Simply put, a strategic default is what happens when a homeowner decides to stop paying their mortgage in order to allow the bank to foreclose on their house. There is an important distinction to make between a strategic default and a regular foreclosure; in this situation, the homeowner has the money necessary to make the mortgage, but deliberately chooses not to do so.
Needless to say, this is a drastic step for anyone to take. But it has, in recent times, become increasingly common. However, anyone who is considering going through with a strategic default should first make sure that they are thoroughly prepared for its consequences, which can be severe. A default will damage your credit rating, which—even with an otherwise good credit score—can last for several years, and make getting any future loans much more difficult, expensive, or both. Furthermore, government agencies may deny you the chance to obtain a new mortgage for at least three, and possibly up to seven, years after the foreclosure.
There is also the possibility that your lender will not be satisfied with accepting the default, and may come after you to collect the rest of your debt. This generally happens when the bank is forced to re-sell your house for less than the amount they are owed on its mortgage, in which case they may be able to sue you for the difference, or the ‘deficiency.’ Californiais a state with anti-deficiency laws that may be able to protect you.[1]. However, there is no absolute guarantee, and it would be wise to research the clauses specifically pertaining to you and your situation further before moving forward with the default. Another easily-overlooked point to consider is the property tax still owed on the property; for as long as the house remains under your legal ownership, you will need to continue paying its taxes, even after you’ve chosen to default on the mortgage. Until the foreclosure has officially gone through, these taxes are your responsibility; if you choose to ignore them, the lender will likely be forced to foot the bill, which will enable them to pursue you later to recoup their losses.
Thus, before you go through with a strategic default, it’s best to contact an attorney to discuss all other possible options. Working with the bank to get a successful loan modification can allow you to stay in your home at a lowered mortgage rate; however, this is easier said than done. Alternatively, a short sale on the house may help you to get rid of the mortgage without damaging your credit score. Another option the bank may offer you is a deed in lieu of foreclosure, a document which you sign to hand over the house’s legal ownership to your lender, also allowing you to avoid foreclosure and possibly getting rid of the rest of your debt.
However, if a strategic default still appears to be your wisest—or only—choice, it’s best to enter into the situation well-prepared. After you stop the payments on your mortgage, you will probably be allowed to continue living in the house until the foreclosure goes through, which can take from several months up to six months, and in a few cases an entire year. This would be a good time to work on getting your other debts under control and generally sorting out your financial affairs. In the meantime, stay open to negotiations from the bank, which will likely want to arrange to keep the building occupied and in good condition until they are able to take possession of it. Your lender is not required to give you any more than three days notice in which to quit the property, but if you keep communications open and hold up your end of any deals, they may be willing to let you know when it will be time to move out much further in advance.
For any further questions or concerns on the advisability of a strategic default, or its possible consequences, please contact Richard Korb, a Berkeley-Oakland Real Estate Attorney, for a consultation at 510-524-0903.
[1] See our article on our Business & Real Estate blog:” Foreclosure and Anti-Deficiency Laws in California: Can Your Lender Come After You?”
RICHARD E. KORB is a seasoned attorney with 30 years of experience in business law, and other related legal experience. Over his legal career, Richard has successfully litigated, negotiated and resolved over 300 cases for individuals and companies of all shapes and sizes. Richard leverages his big firm experience to now assist individuals and smaller companies with a broad spectrum of legal matters. In addition to his legal practice, Richard is also court-approved mediator and serves on the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) panel for both the Alameda and Contra Costs County Superior Courts.
The content in this article and on the website or blog where it is posted is for informational purposes only. It is not intended to serve as legal advice and no attorney-client relationship shall exist by virtue of its dissemination ©2011 RICHARD E. KORB. Should you wish legal advice, you may contact Richard for a consultation at 510-524-0903. ©Richard Korb. 2011.
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